Publications

Parent Child Interaction Therapy

• Preston, J., Clark, H., Halpin, G., & Millard, S. K. (2022). Palin Parent-Child Interaction Therapy with children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Stuttering. Journal of Communication Disorders, 97, Article 106160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2022.106160
• Franken, M. C., Millard, S. K., & Hearne, A. (2022). Working with young children who stutter. In P. Zebrowski, J. Anderson, & E. Conture (Eds.), Stuttering and related disorders of fluency (4th ed.). Thieme.
• Kelman, E., & Nicholas, A. (2020). Palin Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for Early Childhood Stammering. Routledge.
• Millard, S. K., Zebrowski, P., & Kelman, E. (2018). Palin Parent Child Interaction Therapy: The bigger picture. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 27(3S), 1211–1223. https://doi.org/10.1044/2018_AJSLP-ODC11-17-0181
• Onslow, M., & Millard, S. (2012). Palin Parent‑Child Interaction Therapy and the Lidcombe Program: Clarifying some issues. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 37(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfludis.2011.10.002
• Millard, S. K., Edwards, S., & Cook, F. (2009). Parent-child interaction therapy: Adding to the evidence. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 11(1), 61–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/17549500802374114
• Millard, S. K., Nicholas, A., & Cook, F. M. (2008). Is parent-child interaction therapy effective in reducing stuttering? Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 51(3), 636–650. https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2008/045)
• Kelman, E., & Nicholas, A. (2008). Practical Intervention for Early Childhood Stammering: Palin PCI Approach (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315169200
• Kelman, E., & Schneider, C. (1994). Parent‑child interaction: An alternative approach to the management of children’s language difficulties. Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 10(1), 81–96. https://doi.org/10.1177/026565909401000105

Working with young children who stammer

• Delpeche, S., Menzies, R., Ntourou, K., Saunders, A., & Onslow, M. (2024). Contemporary clinical conversations about stuttering: How clinically important is mental health during management of early stuttering? International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2024.2420597
• Millard, S. K. (2017). Multifactorial treatments for young children who stutter. In Proceedings of the 3rd Croatian Symposium on Stuttering (pp. 26–40). Australian Centre for Stuttering Research. http://sydney.edu.au/health-sciences/asrc/downloads/index.shtml
• Millard, S. K., & Cook, F. M. (2010). Working with young children who stutter: Raising our game. Seminars in Speech and Language, 31(4), 250–261. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1265758

 Working with school age children who stammer

• Millard, S. K., Murphy, S., Barton, G., Rixon, L., Shepstone, L., Sims, E., & Joffe, V. (2025). Palin Stuttering Therapy for School aged Children and usual treatment: A randomised controlled trial feasibility study. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 84, 106114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106114
• Millard, S. K., Murphy, S., Barton, G., Leathersich, M., Mills, G., Rixon, L., … & Joffe, V. (2022). Evaluating Palin Stammering Therapy for School Children (Palin STSC 8–14): Protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial comparing Palin STSC (8–14) with usual treatment. Pilot and Feasibility Studies, 8(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40814-022-00992-6
• Eggers, K., Millard, S. K., & Yaruss, J. S. (2022). Considering commonalities in stuttering therapy. In K. Eggers & M. Leahy (Eds.), Clinical cases in dysfluency (pp. 21–31). Routledge.
• Caughter, S., Kelman, E., & Delpeche, S. (2022). A multidimensional approach for school-aged children who stutter. Seminars in Speech and Language, 43(2), 67–81. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1742766
• Kelman, E., Berquez, A., & Caughter, S. (2022). Cognitive approaches with children who stutter and their parents. In M. Leahy & K. Eggers (Eds.), Clinical cases in dysfluency (pp. 55–64). Routledge.
• Millard, S. K., Murphy, S., Barton, G., Leathersich, M., Rixon, L., Shepstone, L., … & Joffe, V. (2021). Evaluating Palin Stammering Therapy for School Children (Palin STSC 8–14): Protocol for a feasibility randomised control trial comparing Palin STSC (8–14) with usual treatment [Preprint]. Research Square. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1144678/v1
• Rogers, N., Berquez, A., Hollister, J., & Zebrowski, P. (2020). Using solution-focused principles with older children who stutter and their parents to elicit perspectives of therapeutic change. Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups, 5(1), 114–124. https://doi.org/10.1044/2019_PERSP-19-0003
• Millard, S. K. (2019). Therapy with school-aged children who stutter. In D. Tomaiuoli (Ed.), Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Stuttering (pp. 143–153). Rome, Italy: Edition Centro Studi Erickson S.p.A. https://www.internationalconferenceonstuttering.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Proceedings_3rd-ICOS.pdf
• Caughter, S., & Crofts, V. (2018). Nurturing a resilient mindset in school-aged children who stutter. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 27(3S), 1111–1123. https://doi.org/10.1044/2018_AJSLP-ODC11-17-0189
• Berquez, A., & Kelman, E. (2018). Methods in stuttering therapy for desensitizing parents of children who stutter. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 27(3S), 1124–1138. https://doi.org/10.1044/2018_AJSLP-ODC11-17-0183
• Caughter, S., & Dunsmuir, S. (2017). An exploration of the mechanisms of change following an integrated group intervention for stuttering, as perceived by school-aged children who stutter (CWS). Journal of Fluency Disorders, 51, 8–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfludis.2016.10.003
• Harley, J. (2017). Anxiety and bullying management for school-aged children and adolescents. Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 29(2), 123–134. http://sydney.edu.au/health-sciences/asrc/downloads/index.shtml
• Berquez, A., Hertsberg, N., Hollister, J., Zebrowski, P., & Millard, S. (2015). What do children who stutter and their parents expect from therapy and are their hopes aligned? Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 193, 25–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.241
• Millard, S. K. (2011). Intensive group therapy for children who stutter: Early evidence. Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders, 21(1), 22–32. https://doi.org/10.1044/ffd21.1.22

Working with teenagers who stammer

• Fry, J., Millard, S., & Botterill, W. (2014). Effectiveness of intensive, group therapy for teenagers who stutter. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 49(1), 113–126. https://doi.org/10.1111/1460-6984.12051
• Fry, J. P., Botterill, W. M., & Pring, T. R. (2009). The effect of an intensive group therapy program for young adults who stutter: A single subject study. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 11(1), 12–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/17549500802600990

Using Solution Focused Brief Therapy with Stammering
Berquez, A. & Jeffery, M. (2024) Solution Focused Brief Therapy with Children and Young People Who Stammer and Their Parents. A Practical Guide from the Michael Palin Centre. Routledge.

The role of temperament in stammering

• Delpeche, S., Millard, S., & Kelman, E. (2022). The role of temperament in stuttering frequency and impact in children under 7. Journal of Communication Disorders, 97, Article 106201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2021.106201
• Eggers, K., Millard, S. K., & Kelman, E. (2022). Temperament, anxiety, and depression in school-age children who stutter. Journal of Communication Disorders, 97, Article 106218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2022.106218
• Eggers, K., Millard, S., & Kelman, E. (2021). Temperament and the impact of stuttering in children aged 8–14 years. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 64(2), 417–432. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00422

Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and stammering

• Harley, J. (2018). The role of attention in therapy for children and adolescents who stutter: Cognitive behavioural therapy and mindfulness-based interventions. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 27(3S), 1139–1151. https://doi.org/10.1044/2018_AJSLP-ODC11-17-0196
• Kelman, E., & Wheeler, S. (2015). Cognitive behaviour therapy with children who stutter. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 193, 165–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.256
• Harley, J. (2015). Bridging the gap between cognitive therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 193, 131–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.241
• Fry, J. (2013). Therapy within a CBT framework: A reflective conversation. In C. Cheasman, R. Everard, & S. Simpson (Eds.), Stammering therapy from the inside: New perspectives on working with young people and adults (pp. 303–338). J&R Press.
• Biggart, A., Cook, F., & Fry, J. (2007). The role of parents in stuttering treatment from a cognitive behavioural therapy perspective. In J. Au-Yeung & M. M. Leahy (Eds.), Research, treatment, and self-help in fluency disorders: New horizons (pp. 368–375). Proceedings of the Fifth World Congress on Fluency Disorders, Dublin, Ireland, July 25–28, 2006. The International Fluency Association.

Outcome measures for stammering therapy

• Brundage, S. B., Ratner, N. B., Boyle, M. P., Eggers, K., Everard, R., Franken, M. C., … & Yaruss, J. S. (2021). Consensus guidelines for the assessments of individuals who stutter across the lifespan. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 30(6), 2379–2398. https://doi.org/10.1044/2021_AJSLP-20-00204
• Cooke, K., & Millard, S. K. (2018). The most important therapy outcomes for school-aged children who stutter: An exploratory study. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 27(4), 1152–1163. https://doi.org/10.1044/2018_AJSLP-ODC11-17-0146
• Millard, S. K., & Davis, S. (2016). The Palin Parent Rating Scales: Parents’ perspectives of childhood stuttering and its impact. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 59(5), 950–963. https://doi.org/10.1044/2016_JSLHR-S-14-0137
• Millard, S. K., & Rustin, L. (2003). Children’s drawings as a measure of change. Journal of Fluency Disorders, 28(2), 105–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0094-730X(03)00010-9

Online therapy for stammering

• Clarke, G., Millard, S., & Kelman, E. (2015). Mothers’ perspectives of a webcam service for children who stammer. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 193, 298–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.279
• Kelman, E., & Whyte, A. (2012). Understanding stammering or stuttering: A guide for parents, teachers and other professionals. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.